/* ================================================================
   Dongsoo Lee Lab — Energy Electrode Materials Lab (EEML)
   Premium academic design system · light + dark mode
   ================================================================ */

/* ---- Design Tokens — Professional Navy (Yale/MIT × Stripe) ---- */
:root {
  --c-bg: #F7F9FC;
  --c-surface: #FFFFFF;
  --c-surface-2: #EEF2F8;
  --c-text: #0A1929;
  --c-text-muted: #455770;
  --c-text-light: #8696B0;
  --c-border: #D8DFEA;
  --c-border-strong: #B8C2D4;
  --c-accent: #1B5BD9;
  --c-accent-hover: #0F47B8;
  --c-accent-soft: #E5EDFB;
  --c-highlight: #1B5BD9;
  --c-navy-deep: #0A1929;

  --font-display: "Fraunces", "Noto Serif KR", Georgia, serif;
  --font-sans: "Inter", "Noto Sans KR", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
  --font-mono: "JetBrains Mono", ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;

  --fs-xs: 0.75rem;
  --fs-sm: 0.875rem;
  --fs-base: 1rem;
  --fs-lg: 1.125rem;
  --fs-xl: 1.375rem;
  --fs-2xl: 1.75rem;
  --fs-3xl: 2.25rem;
  --fs-4xl: 3rem;
  --fs-5xl: 4rem;
  --fs-6xl: 5.5rem;

  --space-1: 0.25rem;
  --space-2: 0.5rem;
  --space-3: 0.75rem;
  --space-4: 1rem;
  --space-6: 1.5rem;
  --space-8: 2rem;
  --space-12: 3rem;
  --space-16: 4rem;
  --space-20: 5rem;
  --space-24: 6rem;
  --space-32: 8rem;

  --container: 1240px;
  --container-narrow: 880px;

  --radius-sm: 4px;
  --radius: 8px;
  --radius-lg: 16px;

  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(20, 24, 31, 0.04);
  --shadow: 0 4px 24px rgba(20, 24, 31, 0.06);
  --shadow-lg: 0 24px 60px rgba(20, 24, 31, 0.12);

  --transition: 240ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
  --transition-fast: 160ms ease;
}

/* ---- Dark mode — Deep Navy ---- */
[data-theme="dark"] {
  --c-bg: #0A1929;
  --c-surface: #102A43;
  --c-surface-2: #14304F;
  --c-text: #E6F0FB;
  --c-text-muted: #93B5D9;
  --c-text-light: #5D7A9E;
  --c-border: #1E3A5F;
  --c-border-strong: #2D4D78;
  --c-accent: #5B9DFF;
  --c-accent-hover: #7AB1FF;
  --c-accent-soft: #142940;
  --c-highlight: #5B9DFF;
  --c-navy-deep: #050E1A;

  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
  --shadow: 0 4px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  --shadow-lg: 0 24px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --c-bg: #0A1929;
    --c-surface: #102A43;
    --c-surface-2: #14304F;
    --c-text: #E6F0FB;
    --c-text-muted: #93B5D9;
    --c-text-light: #5D7A9E;
    --c-border: #1E3A5F;
    --c-border-strong: #2D4D78;
    --c-accent: #5B9DFF;
    --c-accent-hover: #7AB1FF;
    --c-accent-soft: #142940;
    --c-highlight: #5B9DFF;
    --c-navy-deep: #050E1A;
  }
}

/* ---- Reset & Base ---- */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-base);
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--c-text);
  background: var(--c-bg);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  font-feature-settings: "ss01", "ss02", "cv01", "cv11";
  transition: background-color var(--transition), color var(--transition);
}
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
button { font-family: inherit; cursor: pointer; border: 0; background: transparent; color: inherit; }

a { color: var(--c-text); text-decoration: none; transition: color var(--transition-fast); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; }
a:hover { color: var(--c-accent); }
.pub-item .title a:hover, .news-quick a:hover .title { color: var(--c-accent); }
.pi-info a, .footer-grid a, .nav-links a { border-bottom: 0; }

/* ---- Display typography ---- */
h1, h2, h3, h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--c-text);
  margin: 0 0 var(--space-4);
  font-feature-settings: "ss01";
}
h1 { font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, var(--fs-5xl)); font-weight: 400; }
h2 { font-size: var(--fs-3xl); font-weight: 500; }
h3 { font-size: var(--fs-xl); font-weight: 500; }
p { margin: 0 0 var(--space-4); color: var(--c-text-muted); }

::selection { background: var(--c-accent); color: var(--c-bg); }

/* ---- Layout ---- */
.container { width: 100%; max-width: var(--container); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 var(--space-6); }
.container-narrow { max-width: var(--container-narrow); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 var(--space-6); }
.section { padding: var(--space-24) 0; }
.section-tight { padding: var(--space-16) 0; }
@media (max-width: 720px) { .section { padding: var(--space-16) 0; } }

.eyebrow {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
  font-weight: 600;
}

/* ---- Header ---- */
.site-header {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(251, 250, 247, 0.85);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: background var(--transition), border-color var(--transition);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .site-header { background: rgba(11, 14, 20, 0.8); }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) .site-header { background: rgba(11, 14, 20, 0.8); }
}
.site-header.scrolled { border-bottom-color: var(--c-border); }

.nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  max-width: var(--container);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-6);
}
.nav-brand {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: var(--fs-lg);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--c-text);
}
.nav-brand .dot { color: var(--c-highlight); }
.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-8);
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0; padding: 0;
}
.nav-links a {
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  position: relative;
  padding: var(--space-2) 0;
}
.nav-links a:hover { color: var(--c-text); }
.nav-links a.active { color: var(--c-text); }
.nav-links a.active::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0; bottom: -2px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--c-highlight);
}
.nav-right { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: var(--space-3); }
.icon-btn {
  width: 36px; height: 36px;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
  font-size: 1rem;
}
.icon-btn:hover { background: var(--c-surface-2); color: var(--c-text); }
.lang-toggle {
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}
.lang-toggle:hover { color: var(--c-text); background: var(--c-surface-2); }

.nav-toggle { display: none; }
@media (max-width: 880px) {
  .nav-links { display: none; }
  .nav-links.open {
    display: flex;
    position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; right: 0;
    flex-direction: column; gap: 0;
    background: var(--c-surface);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
    padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-6);
  }
  .nav-links.open li { padding: var(--space-3) 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); }
  .nav-links.open li:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
  .nav-toggle {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    width: 36px; height: 36px;
  }
  .nav-toggle span, .nav-toggle span::before, .nav-toggle span::after {
    content: ""; display: block; width: 18px; height: 1.5px; background: var(--c-text); position: relative;
  }
  .nav-toggle span::before { position: absolute; top: -6px; }
  .nav-toggle span::after { position: absolute; top: 6px; }
}

/* ---- Hero (Manifesto style — Anthropic/Stripe) ---- */
.hero {
  position: relative;
  padding: calc(var(--space-32) + var(--space-12)) 0 var(--space-20);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.hero-inner {
  max-width: var(--container);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--space-6);
}
.hero .hero-eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-12);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
}
.hero .hero-eyebrow::after {
  content: "";
  display: inline-block;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--c-border-strong);
  flex: 1;
  max-width: 200px;
}
.hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 9vw, 7.5rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 0.96;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-12);
  color: var(--c-text);
  max-width: 16ch;
}
.hero h1 .accent { color: var(--c-accent); }
.hero h1 .line { display: block; }
.hero-cta { display: flex; gap: var(--space-3); flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: var(--space-16); }
.hero-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  padding-top: var(--space-6);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
}
.hero-meta .stat { display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; gap: var(--space-2); }
.hero-meta .stat .n { color: var(--c-text); font-weight: 700; font-size: var(--fs-base); }
.hero-meta .stat .lbl { color: var(--c-text-light); font-size: var(--fs-xs); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.hero-meta .sep { color: var(--c-text-light); }

/* ---- Buttons ---- */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-6);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  transition: all var(--transition);
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.btn-primary { background: var(--c-text); color: var(--c-bg); }
.btn-primary:hover { background: var(--c-accent); color: var(--c-bg); transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.btn-outline { background: transparent; color: var(--c-text); border-color: var(--c-border-strong); }
.btn-outline:hover { background: var(--c-surface-2); color: var(--c-text); border-color: var(--c-text); }
.btn-ghost { color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.btn-ghost:hover { color: var(--c-text); }
.btn-sm { padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4); font-size: var(--fs-xs); }

/* ---- Section title ---- */
.section-title { margin-bottom: var(--space-16); }
.section-title h2 { font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, var(--fs-3xl)); margin-bottom: var(--space-3); }
.section-title p { color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: var(--fs-lg); max-width: 640px; }
.section-title.center { text-align: center; }
.section-title.center p { margin: 0 auto; }

/* ---- Metrics strip (Hero) ---- */
.metrics-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  margin: var(--space-16) 0;
}
.metric-cell {
  padding: var(--space-8) var(--space-4);
  text-align: center;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.metric-cell:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.metric-cell .value {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, var(--fs-4xl));
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--c-text);
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1;
}
.metric-cell .label {
  display: block;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 600;
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .metrics-strip { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .metric-cell:nth-child(2) { border-right: 0; }
  .metric-cell:nth-child(1), .metric-cell:nth-child(2) { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); }
}

/* ---- Reveal animation ---- */
.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(24px);
  transition: opacity 800ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), transform 800ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}
.reveal.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* ---- Topic cards (Research) ---- */
.topic-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: var(--space-8); }
@media (max-width: 720px) { .topic-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.topic-card {
  position: relative;
  padding: var(--space-8);
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  transition: all var(--transition);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: block;
}
.topic-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--c-text);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.topic-card .topic-svg {
  width: 100%;
  height: 140px;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  color: var(--c-accent);
}
.topic-card .topic-svg svg { width: 100%; height: 100%; }
.topic-card h3 {
  font-size: var(--fs-xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}
.topic-card p { font-size: var(--fs-sm); margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.topic-card .keywords { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--space-2); }
.topic-card .kw {
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-3);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: 999px;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.topic-card .rep-papers {
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
  padding-top: var(--space-4);
  border-top: 1px dashed var(--c-border);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
}
.topic-card .rep-papers ul { padding-left: var(--space-4); margin: var(--space-2) 0 0; }
.topic-card .rep-papers li { margin-bottom: var(--space-1); }
.topic-card .topic-cta {
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
  padding-top: var(--space-4);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--c-accent);
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  transition: gap var(--transition);
}
.topic-card:hover .topic-cta { gap: var(--space-3); }

/* ---- Research detail page ---- */
.topic-hero-svg {
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-12);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}
.topic-hero-svg svg { max-width: 420px; width: 100%; height: auto; color: var(--c-accent); }

/* Research: hero images on detail page (matches old site's stacked images) */
.research-hero-images {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-10);
}
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .research-hero-images { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .research-hero-images figure:first-child:nth-last-child(odd) { grid-column: span 2; }
}
.research-hero-images figure {
  margin: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  background: var(--c-surface);
}
.research-hero-images img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}

.research-heading-block {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-6);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--c-border);
}
.research-heading {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-2xl);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--c-accent);
  margin: 0 0 var(--space-2);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
.research-subheading {
  font-size: var(--fs-base);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  margin: 0;
  font-style: italic;
}

/* Research topic card cover image (list + home).
 * object-fit: cover for full-bleed look; object-position is set by
 * setupAutoFocus() in main.js based on face detection (Chrome) or a
 * center-30% default so subjects stay visible. */
.topic-cover {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.topic-cover img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 20%; /* biased up so hair/head stays visible; JS may override with face centroid */
  display: block;
  transition: transform 0.35s ease;
}
.topic-card:hover .topic-cover img { transform: scale(1.04); }

.detail-body { font-size: var(--fs-lg); line-height: 1.75; color: var(--c-text); }
.detail-body p { color: var(--c-text); margin-bottom: var(--space-6); white-space: pre-wrap; }
.detail-body p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.detail-pubs { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.detail-pubs li {
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.detail-pubs li:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.detail-pubs .pub-title {
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--c-text);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-1);
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.detail-pubs .pub-meta {
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.topic-nav {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-6);
}
@media (max-width: 640px) { .topic-nav { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.topic-nav-link {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  padding: var(--space-6);
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  color: inherit;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}
.topic-nav-link:hover { border-color: var(--c-text); transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.topic-nav-link.next { text-align: right; }
.topic-nav-dir {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.topic-nav-name {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: var(--fs-lg);
  color: var(--c-text);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

/* ---- Member cards ---- */
.member-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: var(--space-6); }
@media (max-width: 960px) { .member-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
@media (max-width: 540px) { .member-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
/* Member tabs (Current / Alumni) */
.member-tabs {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-8);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-12);
}
.member-tab {
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  font-size: var(--fs-lg);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.member-tab:hover { color: var(--c-text); }
.member-tab.active { color: var(--c-accent); border-bottom-color: var(--c-accent); }
.member-tab-count {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: var(--space-2);
  padding: 2px var(--space-2);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  font-weight: 700;
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  border-radius: 999px;
}
.member-tab.active .member-tab-count { background: var(--c-accent-soft); color: var(--c-accent); }

.member-group { margin-bottom: var(--space-20); }
.member-group .group-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-3);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.member-group .group-head h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--c-text);
  margin: 0;
}
.member-group .group-head .count {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.member-card {
  position: relative;
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-6);
  transition: all var(--transition);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.member-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  border-color: var(--c-text);
}

/* Avatar — role-tinted gradient */
.member-card .photo {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  margin: 0 0 var(--space-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 3.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  position: relative;
}
.member-card img.photo { object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 20%; }
.member-card .photo::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, transparent 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 100%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .member-card .photo::after { background: linear-gradient(135deg, transparent 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0.03) 100%); }

/* Role-based avatar palettes — navy gradient steps */
.member-card[data-role="professor"] .photo { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0A1929, #1E3A5F); color: #E6F0FB; }
.member-card[data-role="phd"]       .photo { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1B3A5C, #2D5A8F); color: #E6F0FB; }
.member-card[data-role="ms"]        .photo { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5B9DFF, #1B5BD9); color: #FFFFFF; }
.member-card[data-role="undergraduate"] .photo { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #BFD3F0, #93B5D9); color: #0A1929; }
.member-card[data-role="alumni"]    .photo { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #E5EDFB, #C5D6F0); color: #1B5BD9; }
[data-theme="dark"] .member-card[data-role="undergraduate"] .photo { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2D4D78, #1E3A5F); color: #BFD3F0; }
[data-theme="dark"] .member-card[data-role="alumni"] .photo { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #142940, #0A1F33); color: var(--c-accent); }

/* Name block */
.member-card .name-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  margin-bottom: 2px;
}
.member-card .name-ko { font-weight: 700; font-size: var(--fs-lg); color: var(--c-text); letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.member-card .name-en { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: var(--fs-xs); color: var(--c-text-light); letter-spacing: 0.02em; }

.member-card .role-line {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}
.member-card .role-line .dot { color: var(--c-accent); }
.member-card .role-line .joined { color: var(--c-text-light); }

.member-card .summary {
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  line-height: 1.55;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
  flex: 1;
}

.member-card .tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--space-1); margin-top: auto; }
.member-card .tag-mini {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  padding: 2px 8px;
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  color: var(--c-text);
  border-radius: 999px;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}

.member-card .email-row {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
  border-top: 1px dashed var(--c-border);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
}
.member-card .email-row a { color: inherit; }
.member-card .email-row a:hover { color: var(--c-accent); }

/* Open Positions card */
.member-card-open {
  background: var(--c-text);
  color: var(--c-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-text);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-8);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  text-align: center;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all var(--transition);
  min-height: 100%;
}
.member-card-open:hover { background: var(--c-accent); color: var(--c-bg); border-color: var(--c-accent); transform: translateY(-3px); }
.member-card-open .icon { font-size: 2.5rem; margin-bottom: var(--space-3); opacity: 0.85; }
.member-card-open h4 { color: var(--c-bg); font-family: var(--font-sans); font-weight: 700; font-size: var(--fs-lg); margin-bottom: var(--space-2); letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.member-card-open p { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); font-size: var(--fs-sm); margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
[data-theme="dark"] .member-card-open p { color: rgba(0,0,0,0.7); }
.member-card-open .arrow { font-size: var(--fs-sm); font-weight: 600; }

/* ---- Publications list ---- */
.pub-filters {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-12);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-6);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.pub-filter {
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}
.pub-filter:hover { color: var(--c-text); border-color: var(--c-border-strong); }
.pub-filter.active { background: var(--c-text); color: var(--c-bg); border-color: var(--c-text); }
.pub-filter-count {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: var(--space-1);
  padding: 0 var(--space-2);
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
}
.pub-filter.active .pub-filter-count { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.18); color: inherit; }

/* ---- Year filter bar ---- */
.pub-year-filters {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.pub-year-label {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-right: var(--space-2);
}
.pub-year-btn {
  padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-3);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.pub-year-btn:hover { color: var(--c-accent); border-color: var(--c-accent); }
.pub-year-btn.active { background: var(--c-accent); color: #fff; border-color: var(--c-accent); font-weight: 700; }

.pub-count-header {
  padding: var(--space-4) 0 var(--space-6);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}
.pub-count-num { font-size: var(--fs-xl); font-weight: 800; color: var(--c-text); font-family: var(--font-sans); letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.pub-count-lbl { font-size: var(--fs-sm); letter-spacing: 0.02em; }
.pub-count-reset {
  margin-left: auto;
  padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-3);
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
}
.pub-count-reset:hover { color: var(--c-accent); border-color: var(--c-accent); }

.pub-year-group { margin-bottom: var(--space-16); }
.pub-year-group h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: var(--fs-3xl);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}
.pub-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.pub-item {
  padding: var(--space-6) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 32px 1fr 80px;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  align-items: start;
  transition: background var(--transition-fast);
}
.pub-item:hover { background: var(--c-surface-2); margin: 0 calc(-1 * var(--space-4)); padding-left: var(--space-4); padding-right: var(--space-4); border-radius: var(--radius); }
.pub-item:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.pub-item .pub-num { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: var(--fs-xs); color: var(--c-text-light); padding-top: 4px; }
.pub-item .pub-body { min-width: 0; }
.pub-item .title { font-weight: 500; color: var(--c-text); margin-bottom: var(--space-2); line-height: 1.4; font-size: var(--fs-base); }
.pub-item .title a { color: inherit; }
.pub-item .title a:hover { color: var(--c-accent); }
.pub-item .meta { font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.pub-item .venue { font-style: italic; color: var(--c-accent); font-weight: 600; }
.pub-item .badge-top {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 10px;
  padding: 2px var(--space-2);
  background: var(--c-highlight);
  color: var(--c-bg);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  margin-left: var(--space-2);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.pub-item .cite-count {
  text-align: right;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  padding-top: 4px;
}
.pub-item .cite-count .n { display: block; font-size: var(--fs-lg); font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text); }
.pub-item .cite-count .lbl { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .pub-item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-2); }
  .pub-item .pub-num, .pub-item .cite-count { padding-top: 0; text-align: left; }
  .pub-item .cite-count { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: var(--space-2); }
  .pub-item .cite-count .n { font-size: var(--fs-base); }
}

/* ---- News list ---- */
.board-tabs { display: flex; gap: var(--space-6); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.board-tab {
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: var(--fs-base);
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}
.board-tab:hover { color: var(--c-text); }
.board-tab.active { color: var(--c-text); border-bottom-color: var(--c-highlight); font-weight: 600; }

.news-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.news-item {
  padding: var(--space-6) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 130px 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  align-items: start;
}
.news-item .date { color: var(--c-text-light); font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: var(--fs-sm); padding-top: 2px; letter-spacing: 0.02em; }
.news-item .body .title { font-weight: 700; font-size: var(--fs-lg); color: var(--c-accent); margin-bottom: var(--space-2); font-family: var(--font-display); }
.news-item .body .excerpt { color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: var(--fs-sm); }
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  .news-item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-2); }
}
.news-link {
  display: block;
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: var(--space-2) 0;
  transition: color 0.15s ease;
}
.news-link:hover .title { color: var(--c-accent); }
.news-link:hover .excerpt { color: var(--c-text); }
.news-detail-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.news-detail-date {
  font-family: var(--font-mono, var(--font-sans));
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
.news-head { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: var(--space-3); flex-wrap: wrap; }
.news-cat {
  font-family: var(--font-mono, var(--font-sans));
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: 3px;
  padding: 1px 6px;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.news-toggle {
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  background: none;
  border: none;
  color: var(--c-accent);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0;
}
.news-toggle:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.news-detail {
  display: none;
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-5);
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}
.news-item.is-open .news-detail { display: block; }
.news-body { font-size: var(--fs-sm); line-height: 1.75; color: var(--c-text); }
.news-body p { margin: 0 0 var(--space-3); }
.news-body a { color: var(--c-accent); text-decoration: underline; word-break: break-all; }
.news-body ul, .news-body ol { margin: var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-3) var(--space-4); padding: 0; }
.news-body li { margin-bottom: var(--space-1); }
.news-body b, .news-body strong { font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text); }
.news-images {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(220px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
}
.news-images figure { margin: 0; }
.news-images img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.news-images figcaption {
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  margin-top: var(--space-1);
  text-align: center;
}

/* ---- PI page ---- */
.pi-hero {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.9fr 1.1fr;
  gap: var(--space-16);
  align-items: start;
  padding-top: var(--space-32);
}
@media (max-width: 880px) { .pi-hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-top: var(--space-24); } }
.pi-photo {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--c-accent-soft), var(--c-surface-2));
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: var(--fs-6xl);
  color: var(--c-accent);
  position: sticky;
  top: 100px;
}
.pi-photo img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 20%; }
.pi-info h1 { margin-bottom: var(--space-2); }
.pi-info .role { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--c-highlight); letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: var(--space-3); font-weight: 600; }
.pi-info .affiliation { color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }
.pi-info .bio { font-size: var(--fs-lg); line-height: 1.7; color: var(--c-text); margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }
.pi-info .pi-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--space-2); margin-bottom: var(--space-12); }

.pi-section { margin-top: var(--space-16); }
.pi-section h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-3);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.pi-timeline { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.pi-timeline li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 220px 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--c-border);
  align-items: start;
}
.pi-timeline li:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.pi-timeline .period { color: var(--c-text-light); font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: var(--fs-sm); white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0.02em; }
.pi-timeline .title-text { font-weight: 500; color: var(--c-text); margin-bottom: 2px; }
.pi-timeline .org { color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: var(--fs-sm); }
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .pi-timeline li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-1); }
}

.pi-interests { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--space-2); list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.pi-interests li {
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  color: var(--c-text);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}

/* ---- Citations chart ---- */
.citations-chart {
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-8);
}
.citations-chart svg { width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
.citations-chart .axis-label { fill: var(--c-text-light); font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: 11px; }
.citations-chart .grid-line { stroke: var(--c-border); stroke-dasharray: 2 3; }
.citations-chart .area-fill { fill: var(--c-accent-soft); }
.citations-chart .line { stroke: var(--c-accent); stroke-width: 2; fill: none; }
.citations-chart .point { fill: var(--c-bg); stroke: var(--c-accent); stroke-width: 2; }
.citations-chart .point-label { fill: var(--c-text-muted); font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: 10px; text-anchor: middle; }

/* ---- Contact ---- */
.contact-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-12);
  align-items: start;
}
@media (max-width: 880px) { .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.contact-info { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--space-6); }
.contact-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr; gap: var(--space-4); align-items: start; }
.contact-row .label {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding-top: 4px;
}
.contact-row .value { color: var(--c-text); }
.join-card {
  background: var(--c-text);
  color: var(--c-bg);
  padding: var(--space-12);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
}
.join-card h3 { color: var(--c-bg); font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--fs-2xl); margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.join-card p { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }
[data-theme="dark"] .join-card p { color: rgba(20,24,31,0.7); }
.join-card .btn-primary { background: var(--c-bg); color: var(--c-text); }
.join-card .btn-primary:hover { background: var(--c-highlight); color: var(--c-text); }

/* ---- Footer ---- */
.site-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding: var(--space-16) 0 var(--space-8);
  margin-top: var(--space-32);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
}
.footer-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-8);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-12);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) { .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } }
.footer-grid h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  color: var(--c-text);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}
.footer-grid p { margin-bottom: var(--space-2); font-size: var(--fs-sm); color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.footer-grid ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.footer-grid li { margin-bottom: var(--space-2); }
.footer-grid li a { color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.footer-grid li a:hover { color: var(--c-text); }
.footer-bottom {
  padding-top: var(--space-6);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  text-align: center;
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
}

/* ---- Page header ---- */
.page-header {
  padding: calc(var(--space-32) + var(--space-8)) 0 var(--space-12);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.page-header .container { max-width: var(--container-narrow); }
.page-header h1 { margin-bottom: var(--space-3); }
.page-header p { font-size: var(--fs-lg); }

/* ---- Featured publications grid (Home) ---- */
.featured-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; gap: var(--space-6); }
@media (max-width: 880px) { .featured-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.featured-card {
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-6);
  transition: all var(--transition);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: block;
}
.featured-card:hover { border-color: var(--c-text); transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.featured-card .meta-top {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline;
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}
.featured-card .meta-top .year { color: var(--c-highlight); font-weight: 700; }
.featured-card .meta-top span:first-child {
  color: var(--c-accent);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
  max-width: 70%;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.featured-card h3 { font-size: var(--fs-base); line-height: 1.45; margin-bottom: var(--space-3); font-family: var(--font-sans); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: 0; }
.featured-card .authors { font-size: var(--fs-xs); color: var(--c-text-muted); }

/* ---- Featured publications: horizontal scroll (10 cards) ---- */
.featured-scroll-wrap {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
}
.featured-scroll-container {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}
.featured-scroll-container .featured-scroll { flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0; }
.featured-scroll-btn {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  align-self: center;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  background: var(--c-surface);
  color: var(--c-text);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: background 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, opacity 0.2s ease, transform 0.15s ease;
  user-select: none;
  z-index: 2;
}
.featured-scroll-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
  background: var(--c-accent);
  border-color: var(--c-accent);
  color: #fff;
  transform: scale(1.05);
}
.featured-scroll-btn:active:not(:disabled) { transform: scale(0.95); }
.featured-scroll-btn:disabled {
  opacity: 0.3;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .featured-scroll-btn { width: 36px; height: 36px; font-size: 1.25rem; }
}
.featured-scroll {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: nowrap;
  gap: 1.75rem;
  overflow-x: auto;
  overflow-y: hidden;
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
  scroll-padding-left: var(--space-2);
  scrollbar-width: thin;
  scrollbar-color: var(--c-border) transparent;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}
.featured-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar { height: 8px; }
.featured-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: transparent; }
.featured-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: var(--c-border);
  border-radius: 4px;
}
.featured-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: var(--c-text-light); }
.featured-scroll .featured-card {
  flex: 0 0 320px;
  max-width: 320px;
  scroll-snap-align: start;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .featured-scroll .featured-card { flex-basis: 280px; max-width: 280px; }
}
.featured-scroll-hint {
  text-align: center;
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  font-family: var(--font-mono, var(--font-sans));
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  opacity: 0.7;
}

/* ---- News quick list (Home) ---- */
.news-quick { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.news-quick li { padding: var(--space-4) 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); }
.news-quick li:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.news-quick a { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 110px 1fr; gap: var(--space-4); align-items: baseline; color: inherit; }
.news-quick .date { color: var(--c-text-light); font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: var(--fs-xs); }
.news-quick .title { font-size: var(--fs-base); color: var(--c-accent); font-weight: 700; }
.news-quick a:hover .title { color: var(--c-accent); }

/* ---- Misc ---- */
.text-center { text-align: center; }
.mt-12 { margin-top: var(--space-12); }
.mb-8 { margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.hidden { display: none !important; }
.divider { border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border); margin: var(--space-16) 0; }

/* ---- Announcement modal ---- */
.ann-modal {
  position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 2000;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  padding: var(--space-6);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 220ms ease;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.ann-modal.show { opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; }
.ann-backdrop { position: absolute; inset: 0; background: rgba(10, 25, 41, 0.6); backdrop-filter: blur(4px); }
.ann-box {
  position: relative;
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-12);
  max-width: 540px; width: 100%;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  transform: translateY(20px) scale(0.98);
  transition: transform 320ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}
.ann-modal.show .ann-box { transform: translateY(0) scale(1); }
.ann-close {
  position: absolute; top: var(--space-4); right: var(--space-4);
  width: 32px; height: 32px;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}
.ann-close:hover { background: var(--c-surface-2); color: var(--c-text); }
.ann-eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--c-accent);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.ann-title {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: var(--fs-2xl);
  color: var(--c-text);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.2;
}
.ann-body {
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-size: var(--fs-base);
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  white-space: pre-wrap;
}
.ann-actions { display: flex; gap: var(--space-3); flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* =========================================================================
 * Gallery
 * ========================================================================= */
.gallery-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-6);
}
@media (max-width: 900px) { .gallery-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); } }
@media (max-width: 600px) { .gallery-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

.gallery-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease;
}
.gallery-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  border-color: var(--c-accent);
}
.gallery-cover {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  width: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}
.gallery-cover img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}
.gallery-card:hover .gallery-cover img { transform: scale(1.04); }
.gallery-cover-placeholder {
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  font-size: var(--fs-lg);
}
.gallery-card-body {
  padding: var(--space-5) var(--space-5) var(--space-6);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  flex: 1;
  text-align: center;
  align-items: center;
}
.gallery-date {
  font-family: var(--font-mono, var(--font-sans));
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
.gallery-title {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-lg);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--c-text);
  margin: 0;
}
.gallery-summary {
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  line-height: 1.55;
  margin: 0;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.gallery-cta {
  margin-top: auto;
  color: var(--c-accent);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
}

/* Detail */
.gallery-detail-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-6);
  margin: var(--space-8) 0;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) { .gallery-detail-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-4); } }
.gallery-detail-item {
  margin: 0;
  cursor: zoom-in;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--c-surface);
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}
.gallery-detail-item:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.08); }
.gallery-detail-item img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}
.gallery-detail-item figcaption {
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-4);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}

/* ==========================================================================
 * Gallery image download protection — deterrent only.
 * Disables native drag and text selection on gallery photos. The actual
 * right-click handler is attached in js/main.js.
 * ========================================================================== */
#gallery-root img,
#gallery-detail-root img,
#home-gallery img,
#lightbox img {
  -webkit-user-drag: none;
  -khtml-user-drag: none;
  -moz-user-drag: none;
  -o-user-drag: none;
  user-drag: none;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none;
  user-select: none;
  -webkit-touch-callout: none;
  pointer-events: auto;
}

/* ==========================================================================
 * Gallery page: meta bar + pagination
 * ========================================================================== */
.gallery-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-4);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
}
.gallery-count { color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.gallery-count b { color: var(--c-text); font-weight: 700; }
.gallery-page-indicator {
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  font-family: var(--font-mono, var(--font-sans));
}

.gallery-pagination {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-1);
  margin-top: var(--space-12);
}
.gallery-page-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-width: 38px;
  height: 38px;
  padding: 0 var(--space-3);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm, 6px);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  background: var(--c-surface);
  color: var(--c-text);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background 0.15s ease, border-color 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease;
}
.gallery-page-btn:hover:not(.is-disabled):not(.is-active) {
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  border-color: var(--c-accent);
  color: var(--c-accent);
}
.gallery-page-btn.is-active {
  background: var(--c-accent);
  border-color: var(--c-accent);
  color: #fff;
  cursor: default;
}
.gallery-page-btn.is-disabled {
  opacity: 0.4;
  cursor: not-allowed;
  color: var(--c-text-light);
}
.gallery-page-ellipsis {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-width: 20px;
  height: 38px;
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .gallery-page-btn { min-width: 34px; height: 34px; padding: 0 var(--space-2); }
}

/* ==========================================================================
 * Home: News + Gallery two-column banner
 * ========================================================================== */
.home-news-gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-12);
  align-items: start;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .home-news-gallery { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-16); }
}
.home-news-col .section-title,
.home-gallery-col .section-title { margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }

.gallery-quick {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-4);
}
.gallery-quick-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  align-items: stretch;
  padding: var(--space-3);
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}
.gallery-quick-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 22px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  border-color: var(--c-accent);
}
.gallery-quick-thumb {
  width: 120px;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}
.gallery-quick-thumb img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  transition: transform 0.35s ease;
}
.gallery-quick-item:hover .gallery-quick-thumb img { transform: scale(1.05); }
.gallery-quick-placeholder {
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
}
.gallery-quick-body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: var(--space-1);
  min-width: 0;
}
.gallery-quick-date {
  font-family: var(--font-mono, var(--font-sans));
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
}
.gallery-quick-title {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-base);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--c-text);
  line-height: 1.3;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.gallery-quick-item:hover .gallery-quick-title { color: var(--c-accent); }
.gallery-quick-summary {
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  line-height: 1.5;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.gallery-quick-empty {
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  padding: var(--space-8) 0;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px dashed var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .gallery-quick-item { grid-template-columns: 88px 1fr; }
  .gallery-quick-thumb { width: 88px; }
}

/* Lightbox */
.lightbox {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.92);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  z-index: 10000;
  padding: var(--space-6);
}
.lightbox[hidden] { display: none; }
.lightbox-figure {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 92vw;
  max-height: 88vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
}
.lightbox-figure img {
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: 80vh;
  object-fit: contain;
  display: block;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}
.lightbox-figure figcaption {
  color: #fff;
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  text-align: center;
  opacity: 0.85;
  max-width: 80vw;
}
.lightbox-close,
.lightbox-prev,
.lightbox-next {
  position: absolute;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  color: #fff;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-size: 24px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: background 0.2s ease;
}
.lightbox-close:hover,
.lightbox-prev:hover,
.lightbox-next:hover { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25); }
.lightbox-close { top: 20px; right: 20px; }
.lightbox-prev { left: 20px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); font-size: 32px; }
.lightbox-next { right: 20px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); font-size: 32px; }

/* ================================================================
   Journal Cover Gallery (Publications page)
   ================================================================ */
.jc-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.jc-title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, var(--fs-3xl));
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0;
}
.jc-nav-btns { display: flex; gap: var(--space-2); }
.jc-nav-btn {
  width: 40px; height: 40px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  background: var(--c-surface);
  color: var(--c-text);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}
.jc-nav-btn:hover { background: var(--c-text); color: var(--c-bg); border-color: var(--c-text); }

.jc-track-wrap { position: relative; }
.jc-track {
  display: grid;
  grid-auto-flow: column;
  grid-auto-columns: minmax(220px, 240px);
  gap: var(--space-6);
  overflow-x: auto;
  overflow-y: hidden;
  padding: var(--space-2) 2px var(--space-6);
  scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
  scrollbar-color: var(--c-border) transparent;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}
.jc-track::-webkit-scrollbar { height: 6px; }
.jc-track::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: transparent; }
.jc-track::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: var(--c-border); border-radius: 3px; }
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .jc-track { grid-auto-columns: minmax(180px, 200px); gap: var(--space-4); }
}

.jc-card {
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
  text-align: left;
  cursor: pointer;
  scroll-snap-align: start;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  font: inherit;
  color: inherit;
}
.jc-card-imgwrap {
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 4;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
  transition: transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
}
.jc-card-imgwrap img {
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  transition: transform var(--transition);
}
.jc-card:hover .jc-card-imgwrap {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.10);
}
.jc-card:hover .jc-card-imgwrap img { transform: scale(1.03); }

.jc-card-body { padding: 0 2px; }
.jc-card-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  color: var(--c-text-light);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.jc-card-journal {
  color: var(--c-accent);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  letter-spacing: 0;
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
}
.jc-card-year { color: var(--c-text-light); }
.jc-card-title {
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--c-text);
  line-height: 1.4;
  font-weight: 500;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}

/* Cover detail modal */
.jc-modal {
  position: fixed; inset: 0;
  z-index: 1500;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  padding: var(--space-6);
}
.jc-modal[hidden] { display: none !important; }
.jc-modal-backdrop {
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background: rgba(10, 25, 41, 0.72);
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
}
.jc-modal-box {
  position: relative;
  background: var(--c-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  max-width: 920px; width: 100%;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 4rem);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.85fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .jc-modal-box { grid-template-columns: 1fr; max-height: 92vh; overflow-y: auto; }
}
.jc-modal-image {
  background: var(--c-surface-2);
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  padding: var(--space-6);
  min-height: 320px;
}
.jc-modal-image img {
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 8rem);
  width: auto; height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  display: block;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
}
.jc-modal-body {
  padding: var(--space-8);
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  overflow-y: auto;
}
.jc-modal-meta {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  display: flex; gap: var(--space-2); align-items: baseline; flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.jc-modal-meta #jc-modal-journal {
  color: var(--c-accent);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  letter-spacing: 0;
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  text-transform: none;
}
.jc-modal-body h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-xl);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--c-text);
  margin: 0;
}
.jc-modal-body h3:empty { display: none; }
.jc-modal-body p {
  white-space: pre-wrap;
  color: var(--c-text);
  font-size: var(--fs-base);
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin: 0;
}
.jc-modal-body p:empty { display: none; }
.jc-modal-body .btn { align-self: flex-start; margin-top: var(--space-2); }
.jc-modal-close {
  position: absolute; top: 12px; right: 12px;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 36px; height: 36px;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.92);
  color: var(--c-text);
  font-size: 1rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}
.jc-modal-close:hover { background: var(--c-text); color: var(--c-bg); }
[data-theme="dark"] .jc-modal-close { background: rgba(20,30,45,0.92); color: var(--c-text); }

body.jc-modal-open { overflow: hidden; }